On April 27, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment issued the "2019 Beijing Eco-Environmental Status Bulletin" (hereinafter referred to as the "Bulletin") to summarize and review the city's ecological and environmental status in 2019. The Bulletin shows that in 2019, the city's air quality and surface water quality will continue to improve. The overall soil environmental quality is good, the acoustic environment quality remains stable, the radiation environment quality remains normal, and the ecological environment is in good condition. New progress has been made in the creation of an ecological civilization demonstration.
First, the city's ecological environment quality continues to improve
Air quality continued to improve, and the annual average concentration of major pollutants fell across the board. In 2019, the annual average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the city ’s ambient air is 42 micrograms / cubic meter, a record low; the annual average concentration of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and respirable particulate matter (PM10) The values are 4 micrograms / cubic meter, 37 micrograms / cubic meter, and 68 micrograms / cubic meter, all of which meet the national secondary standard.
The carbon monoxide (CO) 24-hour average 95th percentile concentration value is 1.4 mg / m3, which meets the national secondary standard; the ozone (O3) daily maximum 8-hour sliding average 90th percentile concentration value is 191 μg / m3 .
In 2019, the number of air quality compliance days was 240 days, and the percentage of compliance days was 65.8%, an increase of 64 days from 2013; the number of days with heavy air pollution was 4 days, a decrease of 54 days from 2013. There was no serious pollution day for the first time throughout the year.
Surface water quality continues to improve, and rivers with inferior Class V water quality are significantly reduced. The city's surface water quality continued to improve, and the annual average concentration of major pollution indicators continued to decrease. The water quality of the centralized surface water drinking water source meets the national drinking water source water quality standards. The groundwater quality is generally stable. The proportion of river I-III water quality increased to 55.1%; the length of inferior V water quality decreased by 11.5 percentage points over the previous year. The proportion of lake I-III water quality area increased to 61.2%. The proportion of the total storage capacity of reservoir I-III water quality increased to 85.2%.
The soil environmental quality is generally good. The quality of the city ’s soil ecological environment is generally good. The classified management of agricultural land and the implementation of risk management and control of construction land have effectively controlled soil environmental risks.
The quality of the acoustic environment remains stable. Compared with the previous year, the quality of the acoustic environment of urban functional areas was basically stable. The annual average daytime equivalent sound level of Class 2 zone, Class 3 zone and Class 4a zone reaches national standards. The annual average of equivalent night sound levels in Category 2 and Category 3 areas reaches national standards.
The quality of the radiation environment remains normal. The level of ambient ionizing radiation is at the background level, and the level of ambient electromagnetic radiation is far below the prescribed control limits.
The ecological environment is in good condition, and new progress has been made in the demonstration of ecological civilization. In 2019, the city's ecological environment status level was "good", and the ecological environment status index (EI) was 69.7, an increase of 1.9% over the previous year, and continued to improve for five consecutive years. The ecological environment status index of the core functional area of the capital increased by 13.3% over the previous year, and the ecological environment status index of the urban sub-centers increased by 3.8% over the previous year. The ecological conservation area maintained a stable and excellent ecological environment. After Yanqing District, Mentougou District and Miyun District won the third batch of "Green Water and Green Mountain is Jinshan Yinshan" Practice Innovation Base and the third batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties in 2019.
Beijing has an altitude difference of more than 2,000 meters, complex topography and diverse habitat types. It is one of the most abundant biodiversity cities in the world. The city area accounts for about 0.17% of the country ’s land area, and the number of plant species accounts for about 8% of the country ’s total. At present, 2917 species of 1115 genera, 198 families of higher plants, 4305 species of vertebrates and insects, and 497 species of birds have been recorded.
2. Promote the construction of ecological civilization in an all-round way, fight the battle of pollution prevention and control, and promote the high-quality development of the capital
Comprehensively promote the construction of ecological civilization. The Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China's Ecological Civilization Construction Committee has established seven working groups including ecological environmental protection supervision, comprehensive air pollution control, and response to climate change. It has established an organizational system that promotes the construction of ecological civilization in a unified and integrated manner. Focusing on the fields of pollution prevention and control, the organization has completed 47 annual key tasks and formed 145 policy achievements, which has effectively promoted the green development and high-quality development of the capital.
Focusing on the "one microgram" action, focusing on key areas such as diesel trucks, dust and volatile organic compounds, and carrying out in-depth air pollution prevention and control. Make overall plans for water resources, water environment and water ecology, and strive to implement water environment governance and protection. Focus on agricultural land and construction land, and carry out in-depth soil pollution prevention and control. Complete a detailed survey of the soil condition of agricultural land, take multiple measures to prevent soil pollution, and strengthen the risk control of construction land. Coordinate the promotion of greenhouse gas and air pollutant emission reduction in key areas in a coordinated manner, and build a two-level urban urban management system to address climate change.
3. Constantly optimize and improve the level of ecological environment management
Optimize the business environment, benefit enterprises and facilitate the people, continue to deepen the reform of "decentralization of management and service", and achieve 100% online management of government services and "full network management" of administrative licensing matters.
Actively carry out international exchanges and cooperation, the United Nations Environment Conference issued "The History and Prospects of Beijing's Twenty Years of Air Pollution Control", highly appraising the achievements of Beijing's atmospheric environment quality improvement. Held the 2019 Beijing International Metropolis Clean Air Action Forum to share Beijing's green development experience on multiple platforms.
Fourth, continue to strengthen the environmental protection law enforcement supervision
Strengthen the "double random, one open" environmental law enforcement supervision, adhere to the problem-oriented, use "hot spot grid", "online monitoring" and other scientific and technological means to carry out "acupuncture", "watershed" and other law enforcement actions, organize the atmosphere, water, soil Special law enforcement such as pollution. Adopt a "street and village whistling, department registration" mechanism to solve environmental problems and improve the level of fine management.
Continue to focus on law enforcement inspections of heavy-duty diesel vehicles and non-road mobile machinery. The rate of spot inspections for heavy-duty diesel vehicles has dropped from 15% in 2018 to 8% in 2019. Strengthen the supervision and enforcement of oil, gas and oil products, and investigate and deal with 132 illegal oil storage, sales, and transportation units.
Fifth, regional joint defense and joint control have achieved remarkable results
Under the guidance of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas air pollution control leading group, actively participate in regional air pollution prevention and control. The three places of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei jointly study local legislation on the prevention and control of emissions from motor vehicles and non-road mobile machinery, and achieve coordinated legislation, simultaneous review and simultaneous implementation.
Deepen the joint protection and joint governance of the water environment of the river basin. Beijing-Hebei steadily implemented the compensation agreement for the lateral ecological protection in the upstream of Miyun Reservoir. The three places of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei jointly released emergency plans for sudden water environment pollution incidents in key river basins. Miyun-Huairou-Chengde, Fangshan-Baoding, Tongzhou-Wuqing-Langfang and other neighboring areas and cities have strengthened joint cooperation and promoted the cooperation of regional river basins to sink.
VI. National action to participate in ecological protection
Build a government-led, enterprise self-discipline, and public participation in ecological environment protection, joint construction, co-governance and sharing. Government departments at all levels have further promoted the construction of ecological civilization, and various enterprises and institutions have actively fulfilled their responsibility for ecological environmental protection. More than 2 million people visited the eco-environmental education base and environmental protection open facilities to experience the results of Beijing's eco-environmental protection work. The majority of citizens actively implement the concept of ecological civilization and actively choose a green lifestyle. The proportion of citizens traveling in the central urban area reaches 74.1%, and the public's awareness of ecological environmental protection continues to increase. The general public actively participated in the ecological environment supervision and rewarded 288 people who participated in the prize report and verified it.
